Methara ea oli ea infrared ke sesebelisoa se sebelisoang ka ho khetheha ho lekanya boleng ba oli metsing. E sebelisa molao-motheo oa infrared spectroscopy ho quantitatively sekaseka oli ka metsing. E na le melemo ea ho potlaka, e nepahetseng le e loketseng, 'me e sebelisoa haholo ho hlahloba boleng ba metsi, ts'ireletso ea tikoloho le masimo a mang.
Oli ke motsoako oa lintho tse fapaneng. Ho ea ka polarity ea likarolo tsa eona, e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli: oli ea petroleum le ea liphoofolo le ea meroho. Lioli tsa polar le tsa meroho li ka khabisoa ke lintho tse kang silicate ea magnesium kapa silika gel.
Lintho tsa petroleum li entsoe haholo ka metsoako ea hydrocarbon e kang alkanes, cycloalkanes, hydrocarbons e nkhang hamonate, le alkenes. Likahare tsa hydrocarbon li nka 96% ho isa ho 99% ea kakaretso. Ho phaella ho li-hydrocarbon, lintho tsa petroleum li boetse li na le oksijene, naetrojene le sebabole tse nyenyane. Li-derivatives tsa hydrocarbon tsa likarolo tse ling.
Oli ea liphoofolo le ea meroho e kenyelletsa oli ea liphoofolo le oli ea meroho. Oli ea liphoofolo ke oli e ntšoang liphoofolong. Ka kakaretso li ka aroloa ka oli ea liphoofolo tsa lefatše le oli ea liphoofolo tsa leoatleng. Oli ea meroho ke oli e fumanoang litholoana, peo le likokoana-hloko tsa limela. Likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa oli ea meroho ke li-acid tse phahameng tsa mafura le triglycerides.
Mehloli ea tšilafalo ea oli
1. Lintho tse silafatsang oli tikolohong haholo-holo li tsoa metsing a litšila a indasteri le likhoerekhoere tsa ka tlung.
2. Liindasteri tsa bohlokoa tsa indasteri tse tsamaisang litšila tsa peterole ke liindasteri tse kang ho ntša oli e tala, ho e lokisa, ho tsamaisa lipalangoang le tšebeliso ea mefuta e fapaneng ea oli e hloekisitsoeng.
3. Lioli tsa liphoofolo le tsa meroho haholo-holo li tsoa likhoereng tsa likhoerekhoere tsa malapeng le likhoerekhoere tsa indasteri ea phepelo. Ho feta moo, liindasteri tse kang sesepa, pente, enke, rabara, ho suha matlalo, masela, litlolo le meriana le tsona li ntša oli ea liphoofolo le ea meroho.
Likotsi tsa tikoloho tsa oli ① Kotsi ho thepa ea metsi; ② Kotsi tikolohong ea tikoloho ea mobu; ③ Kotsi ho litlhapi; ④ Kotsi ho limela tsa metsing; ⑤ Kotsi ho liphoofolo tsa metsing; ⑥ Kotsi 'meleng oa motho
1. Molao-motheo oa mitha ea oli ea infrared
Sesebelisoa sa oli sa infrared ke mofuta oa sesebelisoa se sebelisoang haholo lits'ebetsong tsa ho lekola tikoloho, indasteri ea petrochemical, hydrology le paballo ea metsi, lik'hamphani tsa metsi, litsi tsa likhoerekhoere, limela tsa motlakase, lik'hamphani tsa tšepe, lipatlisiso tsa mahlale tsa univesithi le thuto, tlhahlobo ea tikoloho ea temo, tlhokomelo ea tikoloho ea terene. , tlhahiso ea likoloi, Lisebelisoa tsa metsing bakeng sa ho beha leihlo tikoloho, ho beha leihlo tikoloho ea sephethephethe, lipatlisiso tsa mahlale a tikoloho le likamore tse ling tsa tlhahlobo le lilaboratori.
Haholo-holo, mitha ea oli ea infrared e khantša sampole ea metsi mohloling oa lebone la infrared. Limolek'hule tsa oli tse ka sampoleng ea metsi li tla monya karolo ea leseli la infrared. Likahare tsa oli li ka baloa ka ho lekanya leseli le monyelitsoeng. Hobane lintho tse fapaneng li monya khanya ka bolelele le matla a fapaneng, mefuta e fapaneng ea oli e ka lekanyetsoa ka ho khetha li-filters le li-detectors tse khethehileng.
Molao-motheo oa eona oa ts'ebetso o ipapisitse le maemo a HJ637-2018. Ntlha ea pele, tetrachlorethylene e sebelisoa ho ntša lintho tsa oli ka metsing, 'me kakaretso e lekanngoa. Ka mor'a moo, sehlahisoa se kenngoa ka magnesium silicate. Ka mor'a hore ho tlosoe lintho tsa polar tse kang liphoofolo le oli ea meroho, oli e lekanngoa. mosa. Kakaretso e nkiloeng le lihlahisoa tsa peterole li khethoa ke linomoro tsa maqhubu a 2930cm-1 (ho otlolla ho sisinyeha ha CH bond sehlopheng sa CH2), 2960cm-1 (ho otlolla ho sisinyeha ha CH bond sehlopheng sa CH3) le 3030cm-1 (li-hydrocarbon tse nkhang hamonate). Ho monyela ho A2930, A2960 le A3030 ho thothomelo e otlolohileng ea CH bond) ho ile ha baloa. Likahare tsa oli ea liphoofolo le tsa meroho li baloa e le phapang lipakeng tsa kakaretso ea li-extracts le oli ea petroleum. Har'a tsona, lihlopha tse tharo, 2930cm-1 (CH3), 2960cm-1 (CH2), le 3030cm-1 (li-hydrocarbon tse nkhang hamonate), ke likarolo tse ka sehloohong tsa oli ea liminerale tsa petroleum. "Motsoako ofe kapa ofe" ka sebopeho sa oona o ka "bokelloa" ho tsoa lihlopheng tsena tse tharo. Ka hona, ho ka bonoa hore boikemisetso ba lihlahisoa tsa peterole bo hloka feela palo ea lihlopha tse tharo tse ka holimo.
Lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa lisebelisoa tsa oli ea infrared li kenyelletsa empa ha li felle feela maemong a latelang: E ka lekanya litaba tsa peterole, joalo ka oli ea diminerale, oli e fapaneng ea enjene, oli ea mochini, oli e tlotsang, oli ea maiketsetso le li-additives tse fapaneng tseo li nang le tsona kapa tse eketsang; ka nako e ts'oanang Likahare tse amanang tsa li-hydrocarbon tse kang alkanes, cycloalkanes le li-hydrocarbon tse nkhang hamonate li ka boela tsa lekanyetsoa ho utloisisa hore na oli e kae metsing. Ho feta moo, li-detectors tsa oli tsa infrared li ka boela tsa sebelisoa ho lekanya li-hydrocarbon tse linthong tse phelang, joalo ka lintho tse phelang tse hlahisoang ke ho petsoha ha li-petroleum hydrocarbons, libeso tse fapa-fapaneng, le lihlahisoa tse bohareng ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea lintho tse phelang.
2. Litlhokomelo tsa ho sebelisa mochine oa oli oa infrared
1. Boitokisetso ba mohlala: Pele o sebelisa mochine oa oli oa infrared, mohlala oa metsi o hloka ho etsoa esale pele. Hangata lisampole tsa metsi li hloka ho tlhotloa, ho ntšoa le mehato e meng ea ho tlosa litšila le lintho tse sitisang. Ka nako e ts'oanang, hoa hlokahala ho netefatsa boemeli ba lisampole tsa metsi le ho qoba liphoso tsa tekanyo tse bakoang ke sampling e sa tšoaneng.
2. Li-reagents le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng: Ho sebelisa sesebelisoa sa oli sa infrared, o hloka ho lokisa li-reagents le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng, joalo ka li-solvents tsa organic, disampole tse hloekileng tsa oli, joalo-joalo. , 'me u li nkele sebaka le ho li lokisa kamehla.
3. Tekanyo ea lisebelisoa: Pele o sebelisa mithara ea oli ea infrared, ho hlokahala ho lekanya ho netefatsa ho nepahala ha tekanyo. Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho lekanya, 'me coefficient ea calibration ea sesebelisoa e ka baloa ho itšetlehile ka sekhahla sa ho monya le litaba tse tsejoang tsa thepa e tloaelehileng.
4. Litlhaloso tsa ts'ebetso: Ha u sebelisa meter ea oli ea infrared, u lokela ho latela lintlha tsa ts'ebetso ho qoba ts'ebetso e fosahetseng e amang liphello tsa tekanyo. Ka mohlala, sampuli e lokela ho bolokoa e tsitsitse nakong ea tekanyo ea tekanyo ho qoba ho thothomela le tšitiso; hoa hlokahala ho netefatsa bohloeki le ho kenya ka nepo ha ho nkela li-filters le li-detectors sebaka; mme hoa hlokahala ho khetha li-algorithms le mekhoa e nepahetseng ea lipalo nakong ea ts'ebetso ea data.
5. Tlhokomelo le tlhokomelo: Etsa tlhokomelo ea kamehla ho mochine oa oli oa infrared ho boloka thepa e le boemong bo botle. Ka mohlala, kamehla hloekisa li-filters le li-detectors, hlahloba hore na mehloli ea leseli le li-circuits li sebetsa hantle, 'me u etse calibration le tlhokomelo ea kamehla ea lisebelisoa.
6. Ho sebetsana le maemo a sa tloaelehang: Haeba u kopana le maemo a sa tloaelehang nakong ea tšebeliso, joalo ka liphetho tse sa tloaelehang tsa litekanyo, ho hloleha ha lisebelisoa, joalo-joalo, u lokela ho emisa ho e sebelisa hang-hang 'me u rarolle mathata. U ka sheba bukana ea lisebelisoa kapa u ikopanye le litsebi tsa litsebi bakeng sa ho sebetsa.
7. Ho rekota le ho boloka litlaleho: Nakong ea ts'ebeliso, liphetho tsa tekanyo le maemo a ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa li hloka ho ngoloa le ho bolokoa bakeng sa tlhahlobo le lipatlisiso tse latelang. Ka nako e ts'oanang, tlhokomelo e lokela ho lefshoa ho sireletsa boinotši ba botho le ts'ireletso ea tlhahisoleseding.
8. Koetliso le thuto: Basebetsi ba sebelisang lisebelisoa tsa oli ea infrared ba hloka ho fumana koetliso le thuto ho utloisisa melao-motheo, mekhoa ea ho sebetsa, litemoso, joalo-joalo tsa thepa. Koetliso e ka ntlafatsa maemo a bokhoni ba basebelisi le ho netefatsa tšebeliso e nepahetseng ea lisebelisoa le ho nepahala ha data.
9. Maemo a tikoloho: Li-detectors tsa oli tsa infrared li na le litlhoko tse itseng bakeng sa maemo a tikoloho, joalo ka mocheso, mongobo, ho kena-kenana le motlakase, joalo-joalo Nakong ea tšebeliso, u lokela ho etsa bonnete ba hore maemo a tikoloho a finyella litlhoko. Haeba ho na le lintho tse sa tloaelehang, u lokela ho li lokisa le ho li sebetsana.
10. Tšireletseho ea laboratori: Ela hloko polokeho ea laboratori nakong ea tšebeliso, joalo ka ho qoba li-reagents ho ikopanya le letlalo, ho boloka moea o kenang, joalo-joalo. Ka nako e ts'oanang, tlhokomelo e lokela ho lefshoa ho lahla litšila le ho hloekisa laboratori ho netefatsa bohloeki le polokeho ea thepa. tikoloho ea laboratori.
Hajoale, mithara e ncha ea oli ea infrared LH-S600 e ntlafalitsoeng ke Lianhua e na le sekirini sa "high-definition" sa 10-inch le komporo ea letlapa e hahelletsoeng ka hare. E ka sebetsoa ka kotloloho khomphuteng ea letlapa ntle le tlhoko ea komporo ea kantle mme e na le sekhahla se tlase sa ho hloleha. E ka hlahisa li-graph ka bohlale, ea tšehetsa mohlala oa ho reha mabitso, sefa le ho sheba liphetho tsa liteko, le ho atolosa sebopeho sa HDMI ho skrine se seholo ho tšehetsa ho kenya data.
Nako ea poso: Apr-12-2024
