Metsi ke motheo oa lintho tse bonahalang bakeng sa ho pholoha ha baeloji ea Lefatše. Mehloli ea metsi ke maemo a mantlha a ho boloka nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng ea tikoloho ea lefatše. Ka hona, ho sireletsa mehloli ea metsi ke boikarabelo bo boholo ka ho fetisisa le bo halalelang ka ho fetisisa ba batho. Mehleng ena, mehloli e mengata ea metsi e silafalitsoe, 'me ho na le metsi a seng makae a hloekileng. Lik'hamphani tse ngata li se li qalile ho sebelisa tlhahlobo ea metsi. Kajeno, ke tla u tsebisa eona ka botlalo.
1. Tumellano ea bophelo bo botle ba 'mele le ba kelello: Ka mor'a tšilafalo ea metsi, ho latela marang-rang a metsi a nooang kapa lijo, litšila li kena' meleng, li etsa hore batho ba be bohale kapa ba chefo. Arsenic, chromium, ammonium, benzene (A) , joalo-joalo, le tsona li ka baka lefu la mofetše. Metsi a silafalitsoeng ke tšilafalo ea tikoloho ea tšoaetso ea kokoana-hloko kapa libaktheria tse ling tsa pathogenic a ka baka mafu a sa tšoaneng a tšoaetsanoang le mafu a likokoana-hloko.
2. Tšenyo ea tlhahiso ea indasteri: Ka mor'a hore tikoloho ea 'mele oa metsi e silafatsoe, lichelete tse hlokahalang li tlameha ho tseteloa ho hloekisa likhoerekhoere tsa indasteri ho rarolla litšenyehelo, e leng se bakang boiketlo le tšenyo ea lisebelisoa, matla le matla. Ho emisa ho etsa tlhahiso.
3. Tšenyo e ngata ea phepo e nepahetseng: Maemong a tloaelehileng, oksijene e qhibiliha ka metsing. Oksijene ea oksijene hase feela mokhoa oa ho phela ha likokoana-hloko tsa metsi, empa hape le ngoliso ea oksijene ho kenya letsoho mefuteng e sa tšoaneng ea oxidation-reactions ka metsing le ho khothalletsa phetoho ea lintho tse silafatsang. Ke senotlolo sa boleng bo hloekileng ba metsi a tlhaho.
Ka mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea nts'etsopele ea sechaba, bothata ba tšilafalo ea tikoloho bo ntse bo hlahella le ho feta. 'Me ho tloha ts'ebetsong ea letoto la lihlahisoa tsa lihlahisoa tsa ISO14000, linaha ho pota lefatše li se li qalile hang-hang mokhoa oa ho hlahloba le ho netefatsa, 'me tlhokomeliso ea ho sireletsa mehloli ea metsi e ntse e ntlafala le ho feta.
1. Ho fumana metsi a litšila:COD, BOD, ammonia, phosphorus kakaretso, naetrojene e feletseng, fluoride, sulfide, li-ion tse boima, li-anion surface active agents, joalo-joalo.
Industrial Production Wastewater (Senyesemane: Industral Wastewater) e na le metsi a litšila le tlhahiso ea tlhahiso ea metsi a litšila, e bolelang metsi a litšila le a litšila a bakoang ke ts'ebetso eohle ea tlhahiso ea indasteri. Ho eona Litšilafatso tse bakiloeng ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso. Metsi a ntšitsoeng nakong ea tlhahiso.
Ho ea ka thepa ea 'mele ea litšila tse ka sehloohong tsa metsi a litšila a hlahisoang ke indasteri, e arotsoe ka: metsi a litšila a laoloang ke lintho tse silafatsang, metsi a litšila a lik'hemik'hale a laoloang ke lintho tse silafatsang, metsi a litšila a tsoakiloeng, tšepe e boima e nang le metsoako ea manyolo le metsoako e sa tsitsang, le metsoako e sa tloaelehang. metsi a fetang metsi a tloaelehileng, metsi a litšila a nang le metsoako ea mahlaseli a kotsi, le metsi a pholileng a potolohang a silafalitsoeng ke tikoloho ea mocheso. Ka mohlala, metsi a litšila a ts'ebetso ea electroplating ea metsi a litšila le mokhoa oa tlhahiso ea liminerale ke metsi a litšila, 'me metsi a litšila a mokhoa oa ho lokisa lijo kapa oli ke metsi a litšila a lik'hemik'hale.
Ho ea ka lihlahisoa tsa likhoebo tse etsang thepa le lipehelo tsa tlhahiso le ts'ebetso, li ka aroloa ka metsi a litšila a indasteri ea ho etsa pampiri, metsi a litšila a masela, metsi a litšila a molumo, metsi a litšila a manyolo, metsi a litšila a tšepe, le metsi a litšila a hloekisang oli.
Metsoako ea mantlha ea litšila tse ka metsing a litšila li ka aroloa ka pH ea metsi a litšila, metsi a litšila a alkaline, metsi a litšila a nang le phenol, metsi a litšila a nang le chromium, metsi a litšila a organic phosphorus, le metsi a litšila a radioactive.
Ke metsi a litšila feela a ka har'a moeli o tloaelehileng ka mor'a ho hloekisa le ho fumanoa ha metsi a litšila a ka tšeloang sebakeng se boletsoeng. E thibetsoe ho ntša metsi a fetang tekanyo le ho thibela likhase tse seng molaong.
Ea bobeli, ho fumanoa ha liaparo, lijo, bolulo le lipalangoang metsi a litšila: pH boleng, CODCR, NH3-N, TP, SS, oli e tala, liphoofolo le oli ea limela, joalo-joalo.
Ea boraro, ho lemoha metsi a holim'a metsi: pH boleng, NH3-N, TP, SS, tlhokahalo ea oksijene ea biochemical, joalo-joalo.
Tikoloho ea tlhaho ea metsi a metsi a holim'a metsi le tlhokomelo ea sepheo sa kakaretso e arotsoe e le mekhahlelo e mehlano ho ea ka bophahamo bo sebetsang. Mefuta e mehlano ea metsi a libaka tsa metsi a holim'a metsi e arotsoe ka mekhahlelo e mehlano ea morero o mocha oa boleng ba bokaholimo ba metsi a holim'a metsi. Mefuta e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e sebelisa mofuta o lekanyelitsoeng oa boleng ba matšoao. Lits'oants'o tse phahameng tse nang le mefuta e phahameng ea ts'ebetso li ts'oaroa ho feta boleng ba matšoao ka mefuta e tlase ea ts'ebetso ea metsi. Metsing a ts'oanang, ho na le mefuta e mengata ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebeliso, 'me litekanyetso tsa matšoao tse tsamaellanang le mefuta e sebetsang ka ho fetesisa lia kengoa. Ho boloka ts'ebetso ea metsi le mefuta ea ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ke moelelo o tšoanang.
Ea bone, ho lemoha metsi a ka holim'a metsi: tataiso ea metsi a hloekileng le motlakase, tšepe e boima e fetang ion e tloaelehileng e ntle, joalo-joalo.
Morero o mocha:
Aniline, formaldehyde ea ka tlung, saturation, solids tse emisitsoeng, boleng ba pH,tlhokahalo ea oksijene ea biochemical ea matsatsi a mahlano (BOD5), index ea permanganate, CODcr, kakaretso ea phosphorus, polyphosphate, chloride, arsenic kaofela, hexavalent chromium, chromium eohle, hydrogen cyanide, volatile phenol, phoofolo le meroho, cationic surfactant, tšepe, manganese, nickel, volatile phenol, mocheso, qhibiliha oksijene. kakaretso ea naetrojene, koporo, cadmium, zinki, lead, joalo-joalo.
Bohlokoa ba ho lemoha boleng ba metsi:
Polokeho ea metsi a bolokehileng: Tekolo ea boleng ba metsi ka nako e nepahetseng e ka sibolla lintho tse silafatsang le lintho tse kotsi tse hlahang mehloling ea metsi le marangrang a lipeipi, ho thibela boleng ba metsi ho silafatsoa le ho netefatsa bophelo le bophelo bo botle ba baahi.
Ho beha leihlo tšilafalo ea tikoloho: Liteishene tsa ho lekola boleng ba metsi libakeng tse fapaneng li lekoa ka mefuta e fapaneng ea lintho tse metsing a mefuta e fapaneng ea metsi joalo ka linoka le matša, 'me ho tlalehiloe maemo a tšilafalo ea metsi a bakoang ke mohloli oa metsi, indasteri le bophelo mohloling oa metsi. temo ea mobu, indasteri, le bophelo ka nako.
Ho bolela esale pele liphetoho tsa mehloli ea metsi: Ka ho lekola boleng ba metsi, o ka utloisisa boleng ba hajoale ba bohloeki, tikoloho ea tikoloho le boemo ba tšilafalo ea mehloli ea metsi, ebe o bolela esale pele mokhoa oa mehloli ea metsi le ho tataisa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea mehloli ea metsi.
Tlhahlobo le phello ea puso: Tekolo ea kamehla ea boleng ba metsi e ka utloisisa ka nako e nepahetseng liphello tsa tšilafalo ea puso le liphello tsa eona, le ho fana ka basebeletsi ba tsamaiso ea tikoloho ho lokisa le ho ntlafatsa moralo oa puso le mehato ka nako ho ntlafatsa phello ea puso.
Ka bokhutšoane, tlhahlobo ea boleng ba metsi, e le motheo oa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea mehloli ea metsi, e na le tiisetso ea bohlokoa mabapi le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho ea tikoloho, katoloso ea lisebelisoa le ts'ebeliso, le boleng ba bophelo ba baahi.
Nako ea poso: Sep-01-2023
