Kakaretso ea Phosphorus (TP) Metsing

Kakaretso ea phosphorus ke pontšo ea bohlokoa ea boleng ba metsi, e nang le tšusumetso e kholo tikolohong ea tikoloho ea 'mele oa metsi le bophelo bo botle ba batho. Kakaretso ea phosphorus ke e 'ngoe ea limatlafatsi tse hlokahalang bakeng sa kholo ea limela le algae, empa haeba phosphorus e feletseng ka metsing e phahame haholo, e tla lebisa ho eutrophication ea' mele oa metsi, e potlakisa ho ata ha algae le libaktheria, ho baka lithunthung tsa algal, le ho ama ka botebo tikoloho ea tikoloho ea 'mele oa metsi. 'Me maemong a mang, joalo ka metsi a nooang le metsi a letamo la ho sesa, maemo a phahameng a phosphorus kaofela a ka baka kotsi ho bophelo ba batho, haholo-holo ho masea le bakhachane.
Mehloli ea kakaretso ea phosphorus metsing
(1) Tšilafalo ea temo
Tšilafalo ea temo e bakoa haholo-holo ka lebaka la tšebeliso e pharaletseng ea menontsha ea lik'hemik'hale, 'me phosphorus ka menontsha ea lik'hemik'hale e phalla metsing ka metsi a pula kapa ho nosetsa temo. Ka tloaelo, ke 10% -25% feela ea manyolo e ka sebelisoang ke limela, 'me karolo e setseng ea 75% -90% e sala mobung. Ho ea ka liphello tsa lipatlisiso tse fetileng, 24% -71% ea phosphorus metsing e tsoa ho manyolo a temo, kahoo tšilafalo ea phosphorus metsing e bakoa haholo ke ho falla ha phosphorus mobung ho ea metsing. Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, sekhahla sa tšebeliso ea manyolo a phosphate hangata ke 10% -20%. Tšebeliso e feteletseng ea manyolo a phosphate ha e bake feela tšenyo ea lisebelisoa, empa hape e baka manyolo a feteletseng a phosphate ho silafatsa mehloli ea metsi ka ho phalla holimo.

(2) likhoerekhoere tsa ka tlung
Likhoerekhoere tsa ka tlung li kenyelletsa likhoerekhoere tsa meaho ea sechaba, likhoerekhoere tsa matlo a bolulo le likhoerekhoere tsa indasteri tse felloang ke likhoerekhoere. Mohloli o ka sehloohong oa phosphorous ka likhoerekhoere tsa ka tlung ke tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tse hlatsoang tse nang le phosphorus, mantle a batho le litšila tsa ka tlung. Lihlahisoa tsa ho hlatsoa haholo-holo li sebelisa sodium phosphate le polysodium phosphate, 'me phosphorus e ka har'a sesepa e phalla ka metsing ka likhoerekhoere.

(3) Metsi a litšila a indasteri
Metsi a litšila a indasteri ke e 'ngoe ea lintlha tse ka sehloohong tse bakang phosphorus e feteletseng metsing. Metsi a litšila a indasteri a na le litšobotsi tsa khatello e phahameng ea litšila, mefuta e mengata ea litšila, ho thata ho e theola, le likarolo tse rarahaneng. Haeba metsi a litšila a indasteri a ntšoa ka kotloloho ntle le kalafo, a tla baka tšusumetso e kholo 'meleng oa metsi. Liphello tse mpe tikolohong le bophelo bo botle ba baahi.

Mokhoa oa ho tlosa Phosphorus ea likhoerekhoere
(1) Electrolysis
Ka molao-motheo oa electrolysis, lintho tse kotsi tse ka metsing a litšila li fetoha karabelo ea phokotso le karabelo ea oxidation ho lipalo tse mpe le tse ntle ka ho latellana, 'me lintho tse kotsi li fetoloa lintho tse se nang kotsi ho fihlela sepheo sa tlhoekiso ea metsi. Ts'ebetso ea electrolysis e na le melemo ea ts'ebetso e phahameng, lisebelisoa tse bonolo, ts'ebetso e bonolo, ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ho tlosa, le indasteri ea lisebelisoa; ha e hloke ho eketsa li-coagulants, lisebelisoa tsa ho hloekisa le lik'hemik'hale tse ling, ho qoba tšusumetso ea tikoloho ea tlhaho, le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo ka nako e le 'ngoe. Ho tla hlahisoa seretse se senyenyane. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa oa electrolysis o hloka ho sebelisa matla a motlakase le lisebelisoa tsa tšepe, litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso li holimo, tlhokomelo le tsamaiso li rarahane, 'me bothata ba tšebeliso e feletseng ea sediment bo hloka lipatlisiso le tharollo.

(2) Electrodialysis
Ka mokhoa oa electrodialysis, ka ts'ebetso ea sebaka sa motlakase se kantle, li-anion le li-cations ka tharollo ea metsi li fallela ho anode le cathode ka ho latellana, e le hore mahloriso a ion bohareng ba eleketrode a fokotsehe haholo, 'me khatello ea ion e fokotsehe haholo. haufi le eleketrode e eketseha. Haeba lesela la phapanyetsano ea ion le eketsoa bohareng ba electrode, karohano le mahloriso li ka finyelloa. sepheo sa. Phapang pakeng tsa electrodialysis le electrolysis ke hore le hoja motlakase oa electrodialysis o phahame, hona joale ha o moholo, o ke keng oa boloka phetoho e tsoelang pele ea redox e hlokahalang, athe electrolysis e fapane feela. Theknoloji ea electrodialysis e na le melemo ea ho se hloke lik'hemik'hale leha e le life, lisebelisoa tse bonolo le ts'ebetso ea kopano, le ts'ebetso e bonolo. Leha ho le joalo, ho boetse ho na le bofokoli bo fokotsang tšebeliso ea eona e pharaletseng, joalo ka tšebeliso e phahameng ea matla, litlhoko tse phahameng tsa ho hloekisoa ha metsi a tala, le botsitso bo fokolang ba kalafo.

(3) Mokhoa oa Adsorption
Mokhoa oa adsorption ke mokhoa oo lintho tse ling tse silafatsang ka metsing li phahamisoang le ho lokisoa ke li-solid tse nang le porous (adsorbents) ho tlosa litšila metsing. Ka kakaretso, mokhoa oa adsorption o arotsoe ka mehato e meraro. Ntlha ea pele, adsorbent e kopane ka ho feletseng le metsi a litšila e le hore litšila li adsorbed; ea bobeli, ho arohana ha adsorbent le metsi a litšila; ea boraro, ho tsosolosoa kapa ho nchafatsoa ha adsorbent. Ntle le khabone e sebelisoang haholo joalo ka adsorbent, synthetic macroporous adsorption resin e boetse e sebelisoa haholo ho adsorption ea metsi. Mokhoa oa adsorption o na le melemo ea ts'ebetso e bonolo, phello e ntle ea kalafo le kalafo e potlakileng. Leha ho le joalo, litšenyehelo li phahame, 'me phello ea adsorption saturation e tla fokotseha. Haeba resin adsorption e sebelisoa, tlhahlobo e ea hlokahala kamora ho tlala ha adsorption, mme ho thata ho sebetsana le tlhahlobo ea litšila tsa metsi.

(4) Mokhoa oa phapanyetsano ea ion
Mokhoa oa phapanyetsano oa ion o tlas'a ketso ea phapanyetsano ea ion, li-ion ka metsing li fapanyetsana phosphorus ka taba e tiileng, 'me phosphorus e tlosoa ka resin ea anion exchange, e ka tlosa phosphorus ka potlako le ho ba le katleho e phahameng ea ho tlosa phosphorus. Leha ho le joalo, resin ea phapanyetsano e na le mefokolo ea chefo e bonolo le ho tsosolosoa ho thata.

(5) Mokhoa oa Crystallization
Ho tlosoa ha phosphorus ka crystallization ke ho eketsa ntho e ts'oanang le bokaholimo le sebopeho sa phosphate e ke keng ea qhibiliha metsing a litšila, ho senya boemo ba metastable ba li-ion metsing a litšila, le ho fokotsa likristale tsa phosphate holim'a sesebelisoa sa crystallization e le khubu ea kristale, ebe joale arola le ho tlosa phosphorus. Lisebelisoa tse nang le liminerale tse nang le calcium li ka sebelisoa e le li-crystallization agents, tse kang phosphate rock, bone char, slag, joalo-joalo, tseo har'a tsona lejoe la phosphate le lesapo la masapo li sebetsang haholoanyane. E boloka sebaka sa fatshe mme e bonolo ho e laola, empa e na le ditlhoko tse phahameng tsa pH le ione e itseng ya calcium.

(6) Mokhoabo oa maiketsetso
Ho tlosoa ha phosphorus ea mobu o mongobo ho kopanya melemo ea ho tlosoa ha phosphorus ea likokoana-hloko, ho tlosoa ha phosphorus ka lik'hemik'hale, le ho tlosoa ha phosphorous ea adsorption. E fokotsa litaba tsa phosphorus ka ho monya le ho hokahana ha lintho tsa tlhaho, le ho adsorption ea substrate. Ho tlosoa ha phosphorus haholo-holo ka ho kenngoa ha substrate ea phosphorus.

Ka kakaretso, mekhoa e ka holimo e ka tlosa phosphorus metsing a litšila ka mokhoa o bonolo le ka potlako, empa kaofela ha tsona li na le mefokolo e itseng. Haeba e 'ngoe ea mekhoa e sebelisoa e le mong, kopo ea sebele e ka tobana le mathata a mangata. Mekhoa e ka holimo e loketse haholoanyane bakeng sa phekolo ea pele kapa phekolo e tsoetseng pele bakeng sa ho tlosoa ha phosphorus, 'me e kopantsoe le ho tlosoa ha phosphorus ea likokoana-hloko ho ka finyella liphello tse molemo.
Mokhoa oa ho Fumana Kakaretso ea Phosphorus
1. Molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometry: Molao-motheo oa tlhahlobo le boikemisetso ba molybdenum-antimony anti-spectrophotometry ke: tlas'a maemo a acidic, phosphorus e ka metsing e ka sebetsana le molybdenum acid le antimoni potassium tartrate ka sebōpeho sa ions ho etsa acid molybdenum. tse rarahaneng. Polyacid, 'me ntho ena e ka fokotsoa ke ntho e fokotsang ascorbic acid ho theha motsoako o moputsoa, ​​oo re o bitsang molybdenum blue. Ha ho sebelisoa mokhoa ona ho hlahloba lisampole tsa metsi, mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho sila e lokela ho sebelisoa ho latela tekanyo ea tšilafalo ea metsi. Ho sila ha potassium persulfate ka kakaretso ho lebisitsoe ho lisampole tsa metsi ka tekanyo e tlaase ea tšilafalo, 'me haeba sampole ea metsi e silafetse haholo, ka kakaretso e tla hlaha ka mokhoa oa oksijene e tlaase, letsoai le phahameng la tšepe le lintho tse phelang. Ka nako ena, re hloka ho sebelisa oxidizing Stronger reagent digestion. Ka mor'a ntlafatso e tsoelang pele le phetheho, ho sebelisa mokhoa ona ho fumana hore na phosphorus e teng ka lisampole tsa metsi e ke ke ea khutsufatsa nako ea ho shebella feela, empa hape e na le ho nepahala ho phahameng, kutloisiso e ntle le moeli o fokolang oa ho lemoha. Ho latela papiso e felletseng, ena ke mokhoa o motle ka ho fetisisa oa ho lemoha.
2. Mokhoa oa phokotso ea ferrous chloride: Kopanya sampole ea metsi le sulfuric acid 'me u e futhumatse ho bela, ebe u eketsa ferrous chloride le sulfuric acid ho fokotsa palo eohle ea phosphorus ho ione ea phosphate. Ebe u sebelisa ammonium molybdate bakeng sa karabelo ea mebala, 'me u sebelise colorimetry kapa spectrophotometry ho lekanya monyetla ho bala kakaretso ea phosphorus.
3. High-themperature digestion-spectrophotometry: Cheka sampole ea metsi mochesong o phahameng ho fetolela phosphorus kaofela hore e be li-ion tsa phosphorus tsa inorganic. Ebe u sebelisa tharollo ea acidic potassium dichromate ho fokotsa ion ea phosphate le potassium dichromate tlas'a maemo a acidic ho hlahisa Cr(III) le phosphate. Boleng ba ho monya ha Cr(III) bo ne bo lekantsoe, 'me litaba tsa phosphorus li ne li baloa ka lekhalo le tloaelehileng.
4. Mokhoa oa atomic fluorescence: phosphorus eohle e ka har'a sampole ea metsi e qala ho fetoloa hore e be sebopeho sa phosphorus sa inorganic, ebe se hlahlobjoa ke analyzer ea atomic fluorescence ho fumana hore na ke eng.
5. Khase ea chromatography: Kakaretso ea phosphorus ka sampuli ea metsi e arotsoe 'me e fumanoa ka chromatography ea khase. Sampole ea metsi e ile ea phekoloa pele ho ntša li-ion tsa phosphate, 'me motsoako oa acetonitrile-water (9: 1) o ile oa sebelisoa e le solvent bakeng sa ho tsoa pele ho kholomo,' me qetellong kakaretso ea phosphorus e ile ea khethoa ke chromatography ea khase.
6. Isothermal turbidimetry: fetola kakaretso ea phosphorus ka har'a sampole ea metsi hore e be li-ion tsa phosphate, ebe u eketsa buffer le Molybdovanadophosphoric Acid (MVPA) reagent ho itšoara ho theha motsoako o mosehla, lekanya boleng ba ho monya ka colorimeter, ebe joale Lekhahla la calibration le ile la sebelisoa. ho bala palo e felletseng ea phosphorus.