Tekanyo ea Turbidity

Turbidity e bolela tekanyo ea tšitiso ea tharollo ea ho feta ha leseli, e kenyeletsang ho hasana ha leseli ka lintho tse emisitsoeng le ho monya ha leseli ka limolek'hule tsa solute. The turbidity ea metsi ha e amane feela le litaba tsa lintho tse emisitsoeng ka metsing, empa hape e amana le boholo ba tsona, sebopeho le index ea refractive. Sehlopha ke NTU.
Turbidity hangata e loketse qeto ea boleng ba metsi a metsi a tlhaho, metsi a nooang le metsi a mang a indasteri. Lintho tse tiileng tse fanyehiloeng le li-colloid tse kang mobu, silt, lintho tse phelang hantle, inorganic matter le plankton ka metsing li ka etsa hore metsi a ferekane 'me a hlahise moferefere o itseng. Ho latela tlhahlobo ea boleng ba metsi, moferefere o entsoeng ke 1 mg SiO2 metsing a 1L ke yuniti e le 'ngoe e tloaelehileng ea turbidity, e bitsoang 1 degree. Ka kakaretso, ha turbidity e phahame, tharollo e fifala le ho feta. Taolo ea leholiotsoana ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea ho hloekisa metsi indastering le sesupo sa bohlokoa sa boleng ba metsi. Ho latela ts'ebeliso e fapaneng ea metsi, ho na le litlhoko tse fapaneng bakeng sa turbidity. The turbidity ea metsi a nooang lokela ho se fete 1NTU; turbidity ea metsi a tlatsetso bakeng sa ho potoloha kalafo ea metsi a pholileng e hlokahala ho ba likhato tse 2 ho isa ho tse 5; metsi a nang le tšusumetso (metsi a tala) bakeng sa phekolo ea metsi a hloekisitsoeng ke turbid Tekanyo ea turbidity e lokela ho ba ka tlase ho likhato tse 3; ho etsoa ha likhoele tse entsoeng ke motho ho hloka hore moferefere oa metsi o be ka tlase ho likhato tse 0,3. Kaha likaroloana tse emisitsoeng le tsa colloidal tse etsang turbidity hangata li tsitsitse 'me boholo ba tsona li qosoa hampe, li ke ke tsa lula ntle le phekolo ea lik'hemik'hale. Phekolo ea metsi ea indasteri, mekhoa ea ho kopanya, ho hlakisa le ho sefa e sebelisoa haholo ho fokotsa moferefere oa metsi.

Tekanyo ea seretse
Moferefere o ka boela oa lekanyetsoa ka nephelometer. Nephelometer e romela leseli ka karolo ea sampuli ebe e lekanya hore na khanya e kae e hasaneng ka likaroloana tse ka metsing ka angle ea 90 ° ho ea ho leseli la ketsahalo. Mokhoa ona oa ho metha khanya e hasaneng o bitsoa mokhoa oa ho hasanya. Lefu leha e le lefe la 'nete le tlameha ho lekanngoa ka tsela ena. Metara ea turbidity e loketse litekanyo tsa tšimo le tsa laboratori, hammoho le ho beha leihlo nako le nako bosiu le motšehare.

Ho na le mekhoa e meraro ea ho lemoha turbidity: Formazin Nephelometric Units (FNU) ho ISO 7027, Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) ho USEPA Method 180.1 le Nephelometry ho HJ1075-2019. ISO 7027 le FNU li sebelisoa haholo Europe, ha NTU e sebelisoa haholo United States le linaheng tse ling. ISO 7027 e fana ka mekhoa ea ho lekanya ho ferekanngoa ha boleng ba metsi. E sebelisoa ho fumana hore na ke bokae ba likaroloana tse emisitsoeng sampoleng ea metsi ka ho metha khanya ea ketsahalo e hasantsoeng ka likhutlo tse nepahetseng ho tloha sampuling. Leseli le hasaneng le hasoa ke photodiode, e hlahisang lets'oao la motlakase, ebe le fetoloa hore e be turbidity. HJ1075-2019 e kopanya mekhoa ea ISO7029 le 180.1, 'me e amohela mokhoa oa ho lemoha marako a mabeli. Ha ho bapisoa le mokhoa o le mong oa ho lemoha lerumo, tsamaiso ea marako a mabeli e ntlafatsa ho nepahala ha moferefere o phahameng le o tlaase. Ho kgothaletswa ho latela maemo a ho khetha turbidimeter e nang le leseli la ketsahalo ea 400-600 nm bakeng sa lisampole tse ka tlase ho 10 NTU, le turbidimeter e nang le leseli la ketsahalo ea 860 nm± 30 nm bakeng sa mehlala e mebala. Bakeng sa sena, Lianhua e etselitsoeLH-NTU2M (V11). Sesebelisoa se fetotsoeng se amohela 90 ° turbidimeter ea ho hasanya ka ho fetoha ha leseli le lesoeu le maballo a habeli a infrared. Ha u bona mehlala e ka tlase ho 10NTU, ho sebelisoa mohloli oa leseli oa 400-600 nm. Ha u bona moferefere ka holimo ho 10NTU U sebelisa mohloli oa leseli oa 860nm, boitsebiso bo itekanetseng, ho fetoha ha maqhubu a maqhubu, bohlale le ho nepahala haholoanyane.

1. EPA180.1 e fanoe ke Setsi sa Tšireletso ea Tikoloho sa US. E sebelisa lebone la tungsten joalo ka mohloli oa leseli 'me e loketse ho metha lisampole tse nang le mokelikeli o tlase joalo ka metsi a pompo le metsi a nooang. Ha e loketse litharollo tsa mehlala ea mebala. Sebelisa 400-600nm wavelength.
2. ISO7027 ke tekanyetso e fanoeng ke International Organization for Standardization. Phapang ho tloha ho EPA180.1 ke hore li-nano-LED li sebelisoa e le mohloli oa leseli, 'me li-photodetectors tse ngata li ka sebelisoa ho qoba liphoso tsa ho lekanya tse bakoang ke tšitiso ea chromaticity ea metsi kapa leseli le lahlehileng. Wavelength 860±30nm.
3. HJ 1075-2019 e fanoe ke Lekala la Ecology le Tikoloho ea naha ea heso, e kopanyang maemo a ISO7027 le maemo a EPA 180.1. Ka 400-600nm le 860± 30nm wavelength. Ho ka lemohuoa libaka tse phahameng le tse tlase tsa moferefere, metsi a nooang, metsi a noka, metsi a matamo a ho sesa le metsi a litšila a ka bonoa.