Mekhoa ea ho hlahloba tikoloho ea likhoerekhoere ke efe?

Mekhoa ea ho hlahloba tikoloho ea likhoerekhoere ke efe?
Mokhoa oa ho lemoha 'mele: haholo-holo o sebelisetsoang ho lemoha thepa ea 'mele ea likhoerekhoere, joalo ka mocheso, turbidity, solids suspended, conductivity, joalo-joalo Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho hlahloba 'mele e kenyelletsa mokhoa o itseng oa matla a khoheli, mokhoa oa titration le mokhoa oa photometric.
Mokhoa oa ho lemoha lik'hemik'hale: haholo-holo o sebelisetsoang ho lemoha litšila tsa lik'hemik'hale ka har'a likhoerekhoere, joalo ka boleng ba PH, oksijene e qhibilihisitsoeng, tlhokahalo ea oksijene ea lik'hemik'hale, tlhoko ea oksijene ea biochemical, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus kaofela, litšepe tse boima, joalo-joalo. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho lemoha lik'hemik'hale e kenyelletsa titration, spectrophotometry, spectrometry ea athomo, chromatography ea ion joalo-joalo.
Mokhoa oa ho lemoha lintho tse phelang: haholo-holo o sebelisetsoang ho lemoha litšila tsa likokoana-hloko ka har'a likhoerekhoere, tse kang likokoana-hloko tsa pathogenic, algae, joalo-joalo Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho lemoha likokoana-hloko e kenyelletsa mokhoa oa ho lemoha microscope, mokhoa oa ho bala setso, mokhoa oa ho bala microplate joalo-joalo.
Mokhoa oa ho lemoha chefo: haholo-holo e sebelisetsoang ho lekola liphello tse chefo tsa litšila tse litšila ka har'a lintho tse phelang, tse kang chefo e matla, chefo e sa foleng, joalo-joalo. Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho hlahloba chefo e kenyelletsa mokhoa oa ho hlahloba chefo ea likokoana-hloko, mokhoa oa tlhahlobo ea chefo ea likokoana-hloko joalo-joalo.
Mokhoa o phethahetseng oa tlhahlobo: ka tlhahlobo e felletseng ea matšoao a fapaneng a likhoerekhoere, lekola boleng ba tikoloho ea likhoerekhoere ka kakaretso. Mekhoa ea tlhahlobo e akaretsang e sebelisoang hangata e kenyelletsa mokhoa oa index ea tšilafalo, mokhoa o sa utloahaleng oa tlhahlobo, mokhoa oa mantlha oa tlhahlobo ea likarolo le tse ling.
Ho na le mekhoa e mengata ea ho lemoha metsi a litšila, empa mohloli o ntse o itšetlehile ka liphello tsa litšobotsi tsa boleng ba metsi le theknoloji ea ho hloekisa metsi a litšila. Ho nka metsi a litšila a indasteri e le ntho, tse latelang ke mefuta e 'meli ea ho lemoha metsi a litšila bakeng sa ho lekanya litaba tsa lintho tse phelang metsing a litšila. Ntlha ea pele, oxidation e bonolo ea lintho tse phelang metsing e sebelisoa litšobotsi, ebe butle-butle ho khetholla le ho lekanya metsoako ea lintho tse phelang ka likarolo tse rarahaneng ka metsing.
Teko ea tikoloho
(1) Ho lemoha ha BOD, ke hore, ho lemoha tlhokahalo ea oksijene ea biochemical. Tlhokahalo ea oksijene ea biochemical ke sepheo sa ho lekanya litaba tsa litšila tsa aerobic joalo ka lintho tse phelang metsing. Ha sepheo se le holimo, ho ba le litšila tse ngata tsa lintho tse phelang metsing, le tšilafalo e tebileng haholoanyane. Lintho tse silafatsang tse nang le tsoekere, lijo, pampiri, fiber le metsi a litšila tse ling tsa indasteri li ka khetholloa ka ts'ebetso ea biochemical ea libaktheria tsa aerobic, hobane oksijene e jeoa nakong ea karohano, ka hona e boetse e bitsoa litšila tsa aerobic, haeba litšila tse joalo Ho tsoa ho feteletseng ho kena ka har'a 'mele oa metsi o tla etsa hore oksijene e qhibilihe e sa lekaneng ka metsing. Ka nako e ts'oanang, lintho tse phelang li tla senyeha ke libaktheria tsa anaerobic ka metsing, tse bakang bobolu, 'me li hlahise likhase tse nkhang hampe tse kang methane, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptans, le ammonia, tse tla etsa hore' mele oa metsi o senyehe le ho nkha.
(2)Ho fumanoa ha COD, ke hore, ho lemoha tlhokahalo ea oksijene ea lik'hemik'hale, ho sebelisa lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale ho khetholla lintho tse ka khonang ho oxidiza ka metsing ka lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale, ebe li bala tšebeliso ea oksijene ka bongata ba li-oxidants tse setseng. Tlhokahalo ea oksijene ea lik'hemik'hale (COD) hangata e sebelisoa e le tekanyo ea metsi Lenane la lintho tse phelang le lintho tse phelang, ha boleng bo le boholo, le ho feta tšilafalo ea metsi. Boikemisetso ba tlhoko ea oksijene ea lik'hemik'hale bo fapana ho latela mekhoa ea boikemisetso le boikemisetso ba ho fokotsa lintho ka lisampole tsa metsi. Hona joale, mekhoa e sebelisoang haholo ke mokhoa oa acidic potassium permanganate oxidation le mokhoa oa potassium dichromate oxidation.
Tse peli lia tlatsana, empa li fapane. Ho lemoha COD ho ka utloisisa ka nepo lintho tse phelang metsing a litšila, 'me ho nka nako e nyane ho lekanya ka nako. Ha ho bapisoa le eona, ho thata ho bonahatsa lintho tse phelang tse nang le oxidized ke likokoana-hloko. Ho latela pono ea bohloeki, e ka hlalosa ka ho toba tekanyo ea tšilafalo. Ntle le moo, metsi a litšila a boetse a na le lintho tse ling tse fokotsang, tse hlokang ho ja oksijene nakong ea ts'ebetso ea oxidation, kahoo COD e ntse e na le liphoso.
Ho na le kamano pakeng tsa tse peli, boleng baBOD5e ka tlase ho COD, phapang pakeng tsa tse peli e batla e lekana le palo ea lintho tse phelang tse refractory, phapang e kholoanyane, taba ea lintho tse phelang tse refractory, tabeng ena, ha ea lokela ho sebelisa likokoana-hloko Ka hona, karo-karolelano ea BOD5 / COD e ka ba teng. se sebedisoang ho ahlola hore na metsi a ditshila a loketse ho alafa baeloji. Ka kakaretso, karolelano ea BOD5 / COD e bitsoa "biochemical index". E nyane karo-karolelano, e sa tšoanelehe haholo bakeng sa kalafo ea likokoana-hloko. Karolelano ea BOD5/COD ea metsi a litšila e loketseng kalafo ea likokoana-hloko Hangata e nkoa e le kholo ho feta 0.3.