Ke hobane'ng ha metsi a litšila a nang le letsoai le lengata ho le thata hakaale ho a hloekisa?Re tlameha ho qala ka ho utloisisa hore na metsi a litšila a nang le letsoai le lengata ke eng le phello ea metsi a litšila a letsoai le phahameng tsamaisong ea lik'hemik'hale!Sengoliloeng sena se bua feela ka kalafo ea biochemical ea metsi a litšila a letsoai le phahameng!
1. Metsi a litšila a nang le letsoai le lengata ke eng?
Metsi a litšila a letsoai le phahameng a bolela metsi a litšila a nang le letsoai le felletseng la bonyane 1% (e lekanang le 10,000mg/L).Haholo-holo e tsoa ho limela tsa lik'hemik'hale le ho bokella le ho sebetsa ha oli le khase ea tlhaho.Metsi ana a litšila a na le mefuta e fapaneng ea lintho (ho kenyeletsoa matsoai, oli, lirafshoa tse boima le lisebelisoa tsa radioactive).Metsi a litšila a letsoai a hlahisoa ka mehloli e mengata e fapaneng, 'me metsi a ntse a eketseha selemo le selemo.Ho tlosa litšila tsa tlhaho metsing a litšila a letsoai ho na le phello ea bohlokoa tikolohong.Mekhoa ea likokoana-hloko e sebelisoa bakeng sa phekolo.Lintho tse nang le letsoai tse phahameng li na le phello e thibelang likokoana-hloko.Mekhoa ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale e sebelisoa bakeng sa phekolo, e hlokang matsete a maholo le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso,' me ho thata ho finyella phello e lebelletsoeng ea tlhoekiso.Tšebeliso ea mekhoa ea likokoana-hloko ho hloekisa metsi a joalo a litšila e ntse e le sepheo sa lipatlisiso lapeng le linaheng tse ling.
Mefuta le lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa lintho tse phelang metsing a litšila a letsoai a mangata li fapana haholo ho itšetlehile ka mokhoa oa tlhahiso, empa letsoai le nang le boholo ba letsoai le kang Cl-, SO42-, Na+, Ca2+.Le hoja li-ion tsena e le limatlafatsi tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa khōlo ea likokoana-hloko, li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho khothalletsang ts'ebetso ea enzymatic, ho boloka lera le ho laola khatello ea osmotic nakong ea kholo ea likokoana-hloko.Leha ho le joalo, haeba mahloriso a li-ion tsena a phahame haholo, a tla ba le liphello tse thibelang le tse chefo ho likokoana-hloko.Lipontšo tse ka sehloohong ke: letsoai le lengata, khatello e phahameng ea osmotic, ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng oa lisele tsa likokoana-hloko, ho baka karohano ea protoplasm ea sele;letsoai le fokotsa ts'ebetso ea dehydrogenase;li-ion tse phahameng tsa chloride Libaktheria li chefo;letsoai le phahame, bongata ba metsi a litšila boa eketseha, 'me seretse se kentsoeng se phaphamala habonolo ebe sea lahleha, kahoo se ama ka ho teba phello ea tlhoekiso ea tsamaiso ea likokoana-hloko.
2. Phello ea letsoai tsamaisong ea lik'hemik'hale
1. Lebisa ho dehydration le lefu la microorganisms
Libakeng tse phahameng tsa letsoai, liphetoho khatellong ea osmotic ke sesosa se ka sehloohong.Bohareng ba baktheria ke tikoloho e koetsoeng ka halofo.E tlameha ho fapanyetsana lisebelisoa tse molemo le matla le tikoloho ea kantle ho boloka matla a eona.Leha ho le joalo, e tlameha ho thibela boholo ba lintho tse kantle ho kena ho qoba ho senya biochemistry ea kahare.Tšitiso le tšitiso ea ho arabela.
Ho eketseha ha letsoai ho etsa hore motsoako oa tharollo ka har'a baktheria e be tlase ho feta lefats'e le ka ntle.Ho feta moo, ka lebaka la tšobotsi ea metsi a tlohang tlaase ho ea ho khatello e phahameng, metsi a mangata a lahleheloa ke libaktheria, a baka liphetoho tikolohong ea bona ea ka hare ea lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale, qetellong e senya ts'ebetso ea bona ea lik'hemik'hale ho fihlela e sitisoa., libaktheria lia shoa.
2. Ho kena-kenana le mokhoa oa ho monya ha lintho tse nyenyane le ho thibela lefu la bona
Lera la sele le na le tšobotsi ea ho kenella ka mokhoa o ikhethileng ho sefa lintho tse kotsi ho mesebetsi ea bophelo ba baktheria le ho monya lintho tse molemo mesebetsing ea eona ea bophelo.Ts'ebetso ena ea ho monya e ameha ka kotloloho ke mohopolo oa tharollo, bohloeki ba lintho tse bonahalang, joalo-joalo tsa tikoloho ea kantle.Ho eketsoa ha letsoai ho etsa hore tikoloho ea ho monya baktheria e sitisoe kapa e thibeloe, e qetelle e etsa hore ts'ebetso ea bophelo ba baktheria e thibeloe kapa e shoe.Boemo bona bo fapana haholo ka lebaka la maemo a motho ka mong a baktheria, maemo a mefuta, mefuta ea letsoai le bongata ba letsoai.
3. Chefo le lefu la likokoana-hloko
Matsoai a mang a tla kena ka hare ho libaktheria hammoho le mesebetsi ea bona ea bophelo, a senya mekhoa ea bona ea ka hare ea lik'hemik'hale, 'me a mang a tla sebelisana le lera la baktheria, a etse hore thepa ea bona e fetohe' me e se ke ea hlola e e sireletsa kapa e se e sa khone ho monya tse itseng. lintho tse kotsi ho libaktheria.Lintho tse molemo, ka hona li etsa hore tšebetso ea bohlokoa ea libaktheria e thibeloe kapa libaktheria li shoe.Har'a tsona, matsoai a heavy metal ke a emelang, 'me mekhoa e meng ea sterilization e sebelisa molao-motheo ona.
Lipatlisiso li bontša hore phello ea letsoai le phahameng kalafong ea biochemical e bonahala haholo maemong a latelang:
1. Ha letsoai le ntse le eketseha, khōlo ea seretse se kentsoeng sea ameha.Liphetoho mokhahlelong oa kholo ea eona ke tse latelang: nako ea ho ikamahanya le maemo e ba telele;sekhahla sa kholo nakong ea kholo ea logarithmic se fetoha butle;'me nako ea nako ea kholo ea ho fokotseha e ba telele.
2. Letsoai le matlafatsa phefumoloho ea likokoana-hloko le lysis ea lisele.
3. Letsoai le fokotsa ho bola le ho senyeha ha lintho tse phelang.Fokotsa sekhahla sa ho tlosoa le sekhahla sa ho senyeha ha lintho tse phelang.
3. Mokhoa oa biochemical o ka mamella letsoai le lengata hakae?
Ho ea ka "Tekanyetso ea Boleng ba Metsi bakeng sa Likhoerekhoere Tse Lahleloang Mekhoeng ea Likhoerekhoere tsa Litoropo" (CJ-343-2010), ha u kena setsing sa ho hloekisa likhoerekhoere bakeng sa kalafo ea bobeli, boleng ba likhoerekhoere tse tšeloang ka har'a likhoerekhoere tsa litoropo li lokela ho tsamaellana le litlhoko tsa Kereiti ea B (Letlapa. 1), har'a tsona chlorine Lik'hemik'hale 600 mg/L, sulfate 600 mg/L.
Ho latela Sehlomathiso sa 3 sa "Code for Design of Outdoor Drainage" (GBJ 14-87) (GB50014-2006 le likhatiso tsa 2011 ha li hlakise litaba tsa letsoai), "Khoebo e lumelletsoeng ea lintho tse kotsi ka har'a metsi a kenang a meaho ea kalafo ea likokoana-hloko", Motsoako o lumelletsoeng oa sodium chloride ke 4000mg/ L.
Lintlha tsa phihlelo ea boenjiniere li bontša hore ha motsoako oa chloride ion metsing a litšila o feta 2000mg / L, mosebetsi oa likokoana-hloko o tla thibeloa mme sekhahla sa ho tlosa COD se tla fokotseha haholo;ha motsoako oa chloride ion metsing a litšila o feta 8000mg/L, molumo oa seretse o tla eketseha.Katoloso, foam e ngata e hlaha holim'a metsi, 'me likokoana-hloko li tla shoa ka mor'a tse ling.
Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, re lumela hore chloride ion concentration e kholo ho feta 2000mg/L le letsoai le ka tlase ho 2% (e lekanang le 20000mg/L) e ka phekoloa ka mokhoa oa sludge o kentsoeng.Leha ho le joalo, ha letsoai le ntse le le holimo, nako ea ho nona e nka nako e telele.Empa hopola ntho e le ’ngoe, Letsoai la metsi a kenang le lokela ho tsitsa ’me le se ke la fetoha haholo, ho seng joalo tsamaiso ea lik’hemik’hale ea lintho tse phelang e ke ke ea khona ho e mamella.
4. Mehato ea phekolo ea tsamaiso ea biochemical ea metsi a litšila a letsoai le phahameng
1. Ho kenya seretse se kentsoeng lapeng
Ha letsoai le le ka tlase ho 2g/L, likhoerekhoere tse letsoai li ka hloekisoa ka ho ruoa malapeng.Ka ho eketsa butle-butle letsoai la metsi a phepelo ea biochemical, likokoana-hloko li tla leka-lekanya khatello ea osmotic ka har'a lisele kapa li sireletse protoplasm ka har'a lisele ka mekhoa ea tsona ea ho laola khatello ea osmotic.Mekhoa ena ea taolo e kenyelletsa ho bokellana ha lintho tse tlase tsa boima ba limolek'hule ho theha lesela le lecha la tšireletso le kantle ho sele le ho itlhophisa.Litsela tsa metabolism, liphetoho tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso, joalo-joalo.
Ka hona, seretse se tloaelehileng se kentsoeng se ka hloekisa metsi a litšila a letsoai le lengata ka har'a sebaka se itseng sa letsoai ka ho ruuoa malapeng ka nako e itseng.Le hoja seretse se kentsoeng se ka eketsa mefuta e mengata ea mamello ea letsoai ea tsamaiso le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea phekolo ea tsamaiso ka ho ruisa malapeng, ho ruuoa lapeng ha sludge sludge Microorganisms e na le tekanyo e fokolang ea ho mamella letsoai 'me e na le maikutlo a ho fetoha ha tikoloho.Ha tikoloho ea chloride ion e fetoha ka tšohanyetso, ho ikamahanya le maemo ha likokoana-hloko ho tla nyamela hang-hang.Domestication ke feela phetoho ea nakoana ea fisioloji ea likokoana-hloko ho ikamahanya le tikoloho mme ha e na litšobotsi tsa lefutso.Kutloisiso ena e ikamahanyang le maemo e kotsi haholo kalafong ea likhoerekhoere.
Nako ea ho kenella ha seretse se kentsoeng ka kakaretso ke matsatsi a 7-10.Acclimation ka ntlafatsa mamello ea sludge likokoana-hloko ho letsoai mahloriso.Phokotso ea khohlopo ea seretse e kentsoeng sethaleng sa pele sa ho lumellana ho bakoa ke ho eketseha ha likokoana-hloko tse chefo tsa letsoai le ho baka lefu la likokoana-hloko tse ling.E bontša kgolo e mpe.Mokhahlelong oa morao-rao oa lapeng, likokoana-hloko tse ikamahanyang le tikoloho e fetohileng li qala ho ikatisa, ka hona, bongata ba seretse se kentsoeng sea eketseha.Ho nka ho tloswa haCODka seretse se kentsoeng ka har'a 1.5% le 2.5% ea sodium chloride e le mohlala, litekanyetso tsa ho tlosoa ha COD ka mekhahlelo ea pele le ea morao-rao ke: 60%, 80% le 40%, 60% ka ho latellana.
2. Hlapolla metsi
E le ho fokotsa bongata ba letsoai tsamaisong ea lik'hemik'hale, metsi a kenang a ka hlapolloa e le hore letsoai le fokotsehe ho feta tekanyo ea moeli oa chefo, 'me phekolo ea likokoana-hloko e ke ke ea thibeloa.Molemo oa eona ke hore mokhoa o bonolo ebile o bonolo ho o sebetsa le ho o laola;bofokoli ba eona ke hore e eketsa sekhahla sa ts'ebetso, matsete a litšebeletso tsa motheo le litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso..
3. Khetha libaktheria tse mamellang letsoai
Libaktheria tsa Halotolerant ke lentsoe le akaretsang bakeng sa libaktheria tse ka mamellang letsoai le lengata.Ka indasteri, hangata ke mefuta e tlamang e hlahlojoang le ho ntlafatsoa.Hona joale, letsoai le phahameng ka ho fetisisa le ka mamelloa hoo e ka bang 5% 'me le ka sebetsa ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng.E boetse e nkoa e le mofuta oa metsi a litšila a letsoai le phahameng.Mokhoa oa phekolo oa biochemical!
4. Khetha mokhoa o utloahalang oa ho phalla
Mekhoa e fapaneng ea phekolo e khethiloe bakeng sa likhahla tse fapaneng tsa li-ion tsa chloride, 'me mokhoa oa anaerobic o khethiloe ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ho fokotsa tekanyo ea mamello ea mahloriso a chloride ion karolong e latelang ea aerobic..
Ha letsoai le le kholo ho feta 5g/L, mouoane le khatello ea maikutlo bakeng sa ho ntša letsoai ke mokhoa o baballang chelete le o sebetsang ka ho fetisisa.Mekhoa e meng, e kang mekhoa ea ho hlaolela libaktheria tse nang le letsoai, e na le mathata ao ho leng thata ho a sebetsa indastering.
Khamphani ea Lianhua e ka fana ka analyzer e potlakileng ea COD ho leka metsi a litšila a letsoai a phahameng hobane reagent ea rona ea lik'hemik'hale e ka sireletsa mashome a likete a tšitiso ea ion ea chloride.
Nako ea poso: Jan-25-2024
